Download iozone
Author: l | 2025-04-23
Download and Install iozone software. Go to iozone and download the iozone for your appropriate platform. I downloaded the Linux i386 RPM . Install the iozone from the RPM benchmark, download, free tool, how to use iozone, iozone, linux, Windows No comments Iozone is a free Filesystem Benchmark tool. Iozone can be run in
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The IOzone benchmark was used to measure sequential read- and write throughput (MB/s) and random read- and write I/O operations per second (IOPS). You can download IOzone from Version 3.492 was used for these tests and installed on both the NFS servers and all the compute nodes. The IOzone tests were run from 1–16 nodes in clustered mode with one thread per node, and then the number of threads per node was increased on all nodes to simulate a higher number of clients. All tests were N-to-N. Meaning, N clients would read or write N independent files. Between tests, the following procedure was followed to minimize cache effects: • Unmount NFS share on clients. • Drop the OS caches on the clients• Mount NFS share on clients.Table 8. IOzone command line arguments IOzone Argument Description -i 0 Write test -i 1 Read test -i 2 Random Access test -+n No retest -c Includes close in the timing calculations -t Number of threads -e Includes flush in the timing calculations -r Record size -s File size -t Number of threads +m Location of clients to run IOzone when in clustered mode -w Does not unlink (delete) temporary file -I Use O_DIRECT, bypass client cache -O Give results in ops/sec For the sequential tests, file size was varied along with the number of clients such that the total amount of data written was 512 GiB (number of clients * file size per client = 512GiB), such that the amount of data used for each test was twice the server RAM to eliminate cache effects on the server. By using -c and -e in the test, IOzone provides a more realistic view of what a typical application is doing.IOzone Sequential Writes example (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 0 -c –e –w –r 1024k –s 16g –t 32 -+n -+m ./clientlistIOzone Sequential Reads example (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 1 -c -e -w -r 1024k -s 16g -t 32 -+n -+m ./clientlist For the random tests, after creating files with sequential transfers, each client read and then wrote randomly 4GiB of data. The record size used for the random tests was 4KiB to simulate small random data accesses. IOzone file creation before random tests (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 0 -c –e –w –r 1024k –s 4g –t 32 -+n -+m ./clientlistIOzone IOPs Random Reads and Writes (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 2 -w -r 4k -I -O -w -+n -s 4g -t 32 -+m ./clientlist The O_Direct command line parameter allows us to bypass the cache on the compute node on which we are running the IOzone thread and since NFS was mounted as sync, it also forced writing to disk each transfer on the server before the operation was completed. Table 9. Mpirun command line argumentsmpirun ArgumentDescription-npNumber of concurrent processes--map-by nodeInstructs mpirun allocate cores from nodes in a round robin fashion (one IOzone is a popular benchmarking tool designed to measure and analyze the performance of file system input/output (I/O) operations. It helps in evaluating various file system performance aspects, such as read, write, re-read, re-write, random access, and more.This tutorial explains how to install IOzone on Ubuntu 24.04.Install IOzoneUpdate the package lists:sudo apt updateRun the following command to install IOzone:sudo apt install -y iozone3We can check IOzone version as follows:iozone -vTesting IOzoneTo use IOzone, you can run it from the command line with various options that specify the type of benchmark you want to perform. For example, the command:iozone -a -I -s 102400 -r 1024 -f /tmp/iozone.tmpIt performs all tests (-a) across different file operations (read, write, etc.) on a 100 MiB file (-s 102400, where 102400 is in KiB) with a record size of 1 MiB (-r 1024). The -I option enables direct I/O, bypassing the system cache, and -f specifies the temporary file to be used during testing.Output example: Auto Mode O_DIRECT feature enabled File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 1024 kB Command line used: iozone -a -I -s 102400 -r 1024 -f /tmp/iozone.tmp Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 1024 2380000 2464493 2748624 2875911 2869877 2558465 2817280 3564471 2861293 4837938 8418235 14287598 15152572Uninstall IOzoneIf you want to completely remove IOzone, execute the following command:sudo apt purge --autoremove -y iozone3Free iozone ダウンロード Download - iozone ダウンロード for
Read performance is lower than writes for thread counts from 16 to 128 and then the read performance starts scaling. This is because while a PCIe read operation is a Non-Posted Operation, requiring both a request and a completion, a PCIe write operation is a fire and forget operation. Once the Transaction Layer Packet is handed over to the Data Link Layer, the operation completes. A write operation is a "Posted" operation that consists of a request only. Read throughput is typically lower than the write throughput because reads require two transactions instead of a single write for the same amount of data. The PCI Express uses a split transaction model for reads. The read transaction includes the following steps: The requester sends a Memory Read Request (MRR). The completer sends out the acknowledgement to MRR. The completer returns a Completion with Data. The read throughput depends on the delay between the time the read request is issued and the time the completer takes to return the data. However, when the application issues enough number of read requests to cover this delay, then throughput is maximized. That is the reason why while the read performance is less than that of the writes from 16 threads to 128 threads, we measure an increased throughput when the number of requests increases. A lower throughput is measured when the requester waits for completion before issuing subsequent requests. A higher throughput is registered when multiple requests are issued to amortize the delay after the first data returns. Random Writes and Reads N-N To evaluate random IO performance, IOzone was used in the random mode. Tests were conducted on thread counts starting from 4 threads to up to 1024 threads. Direct IO option (-I) was used to run IOzone so that all operations bypass the buffer cache and go directly to the disk. BeeGFS stripe count of 3 and chunk size of 2MB was used. A 4KiB request size is used on IOzone. Performance is measured in I/O operations per second (IOPS). The OS caches were dropped between the runs on the BeeGFS servers as well as BeeGFS clients. The command used for executing the random writes and reads is given below: Random reads and writes: iozone -i 2 -w -c -O -I -r 4K -s $Size -t $Thread -+n -+m /path/to/threadlist Figure 10: Random Read and Write Performance using IOzone wth 8TB aggregate file sizeThe random writes peak at ~3.6 Million IOPS at 512 threads and the random reads peak at ~3.5 Million IOPS at 1024 threads as shown in Figure 10. Both the write and read performance show a higher performance when there are a higher number of IO requests. This is because. Download and Install iozone software. Go to iozone and download the iozone for your appropriate platform. I downloaded the Linux i386 RPM . Install the iozone from the RPM benchmark, download, free tool, how to use iozone, iozone, linux, Windows No comments Iozone is a free Filesystem Benchmark tool. Iozone can be run inFree iozone 3.282 Download - iozone 3.282 for Windows
Custom systemd unit files and by configuring multihoming. Hence the automatic NUMA balancing is disabled, as shown below: # cat /proc/sys/kernel/numa_balancing0 Figure 8 shows the testbed where the InfiniBand connections to the NUMA zone is highlighted. Each server has two IP links and the traffic through NUMA 0 zone is handed by interface IB0 while the traffic through NUMA 1 zone is handled by interface IB1. Figure 8: Testbed Configuration Performance Characterization This section presents the performance evaluation that helps characterize Dell EMC Ready Solution for HPC BeeGFS High performance Storage Solution. For further details and updates, please look for a white paper that will be published later. The system performance was evaluated using the IOzone benchmark. The solution is tested for sequential read and write throughput, and random read and write IOPS. Table 4 describes the configuration of the C6420 servers that were used as BeeGFS clients for the performance studies presented in this blog. Table 4 Client Configuration Clients 32x Dell EMC PowerEdge C6420 Compute Nodes BIOS 2.2.9 Processor 2x Intel Xeon Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz with 20 cores per processor Memory 12 x 16GB DDR4 2666 MT/s DIMMs - 192GB BOSS Card 2x 120GB M.2 boot drives in RAID 1 for OS Operating System Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.6 Kernel Version 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 Interconnect 1x Mellanox ConnectX-4 EDR card OFED Version 4.5-1.0.1.0 Sequential Writes and Reads N-N To evaluate sequential reads and writes, the IOzone benchmark was used in the sequential read and write mode. These tests were conducted on multiple thread counts starting at 1 thread and increasing in powers of 2, up to 1024 threads. At each thread count, an equal number of files were generated since this test works on one file per thread or the N clients to N file (N-N) case. The processes were distributed across 32 physical client nodes in a round robin or cyclical fashion so that the requests are equally distributed and there is load balancing. An aggregate file size of 8TB was selected which was equally divided among the number of threads within any given test. The aggregate file size was chosen large enough to minimize the effects of caching from the servers as well as from BeeGFS clients. IOzone was run in a combined mode of write then read (-i 0, -i 1) to allow it to coordinate the boundaries between the operations. For this testing and results, we used a 1MiB record size for every run. The commands used for Sequential N-N tests are given below: Sequential Writes and Reads: iozone -i 0 -i 1 -c -e -w -r 1m -I -s $Size -t $Thread -+n -+m /path/to/threadlist OS caches were also dropped or It's strange that there doesn't seem to be a standard for IOPS measurement in Linux. These questions come up often when people are asked to provide an estimate of IOPS for capacity planning or storage sizing. I end up using multiple tools to gain this info. First, you'll need to generate a load using the method of your choice; either a representative application load, or something like the iozone test you had above.In another window, track IOPS using iostat -dxk 1, summing the r/s and w/s columns OR using IBM's nmon tool with the D option to track the Xfers column (which is essentially the sum of iostat's r/s and w/s). Here's nmon output from a heavy sequential read using bonnie++ -u root -n 64:100000:16:64 (run from within the target directory). At this point, we're showing ~3200 IOPS while reading at about 258 Megabytes/second on a 6-disk RAID 1+0 array of 15k RPM SAS drives.- Disk I/O -----(/proc/diskstats)------- all data is Kbytes per second ---------------------------------------------|DiskName Busy Read Write Xfers Size Peak% Peak-RW InFlight ||iss/c0d0 100% 264571.1 112.3KB/s 3238.7 81.0KB 100% 340584.5KB/s 2 ||s/c0d0p1 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 2.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p2 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 99% 1022.4KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p3 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 100% 3636.5KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p4 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p5 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p6 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p7 0% 0.0 41.9KB/s 7.5 5.0KB 100% 16103.5KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p8 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 79% 147.8KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p9 100% 264571.1 64.4KB/s 3230.2 81.0KB 100% 340538.5KB/s 2 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Download IOzone Filesystem Benchmark v.3.345. IOzone
2.90GHz, 24 cores Memory 12 x 32GB DDR4 2933MT/s DIMMs - 384GB BOSS Card 2x 240GB M.2 SATA SSDs in RAID 1 for OS Local Drives 24x Dell Express Flash NVMe P4600 1.6TB 2.5" U.2 Mellanox EDR card 2x Mellanox ConnectX-5 EDR card (Slots 1 & 8) Out of Band Management iDRAC9 Enterprise with Lifecycle Controller Power Supplies Dual 2000W Power Supply Units Table 3 Software Configuration (Metadata and Storage Servers) BIOS 2.2.11 CPLD 1.1.3 Operating System CentOS™ 7.6 Kernel Version 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 iDRAC 3.34.34.34 Systems Management Tool OpenManage Server Administrator 9.3.0-3407_A00 Mellanox OFED 4.5-1.0.1.0 NVMe SSDs QDV1DP13 *Intel ® Data Center Tool 3.0.19 BeeGFS 7.1.3 Grafana 6.3.2 InfluxDB 1.7.7 IOzone Benchmark 3.487 *For Management and Firmware update of Intel P4600NVMe SSDs Solution Configuration Details The BeeGFS architecture consists of four main services: Management service Metadata Service Storage Service Client Service Except for the client service which is a kernel module, the management, metadata and storage services are user space processes. Figure 2 illustrates how the reference architecture of the Dell EMC Ready Solutions for HPC BeeGFS Storage maps to the general architecture of the BeeGFS file system. Figure 2: BeeGFS File system on PowerEdge R740xd with NVMe SSDs Management Service Each BeeGFS file system or namespace has only one management service. The management service is the first service which needs to be setup because when we configure all other services, they need to register with the management service. A PowerEdge R640 is used as the management server. In addition to hosting the management service (beegfs-mgmtd.service), it also hosts the monitoring service (beegfs-mon.service) which collects statistics from the system and provides them to the user, using the time series database InfluxDB. For visualization of data, beegfs-mon provides predefined Grafana panes that can be used out of the box. The management server has 6x 300GB HDDs configured in RAID 10 for the Operating System and InfluxDB. Metadata Service The metadata service is a scale-out service, which means that there can be many metadata services in a BeeGFS file system. However, each metadata service has exactly one metadata target to store metadata. On the metadata target, BeeGFS creates one metadata file per user created file. BeeGFS metadata is distributed on a per-directory basis. The metadata service provides the data striping information to the clients and is not involved in the data access between file open/close. A PowerEdge R740xd with 24x Intel P4600 1.6TB NVMe, drives are used for metadata storage. As the storage capacity requirements for BeeGFS metadata are very small, instead of using a dedicated metadata server, only the 12 drives on NUMA zone 0 were utilized to host the MetaData Targets (MDTs), while the remaining 12 drives on NUMA zone hostDownload IOzone Filesystem Benchmark v.3.373. IOzone
Cleaned on the client nodes between iterations as well as between write and read tests by running the command: # sync && echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches The default stripe count for Beegfs is 4. However, the chunk size and the number of targets per file can be configured on a per-directory basis. For all these tests, BeeGFS stripe size was chosen to be 2MB and stripe count was chosen to be 3 since we have three targets per NUMA zone as shown below: $ beegfs-ctl --getentryinfo --mount=/mnt/beegfs /mnt/beegfs/benchmark --verboseEntryID: 0-5D9BA1BC-1ParentID: rootMetadata node: node001-numa0-4 [ID: 4]Stripe pattern details:+ Type: RAID0+ Chunksize: 2M+ Number of storage targets: desired: 3 + Storage Pool: 1 (Default)Inode hash path: 7/5E/0-5D9BA1BC-1 The transparent huge pages were disabled, and the following tuning options are in place on the metadata and storage servers: vm.dirty_background_ratio = 5 vm.dirty_ratio = 20 vm.min_free_kbytes = 262144 vm.vfs_cache_pressure = 50 vm.zone_reclaim_mode = 2 kernel.numa_balancing = 0 In addition to the above, the following BeeGFS tuning options were used: tuneTargetChooser parameter was set to "roundrobin" in the metadata configuration file tuneNumWorkers parameter was set to 24 for metadata and 32 for storage connMaxInternodeNum parameter was set to 32 for metadata and 12 for storage and 24 for clients Figure 9: Sequential IOzone 8TB aggregate file size In Figure 9, we see that peak read performance is 132 GB/s at 1024 threads and peak write is 121 GB/s at 256 threads. Each drive can provide 3.2 GB/s peak read performance and 1.3 GB/s peak write performance, which allows a theoretical peak of 422 GB/s for reads and 172 GB/s for writes. However, here the network is the limiting factor. We have a total of 11 InfiniBand EDR links for the storage servers in the set up. Each link can provide a theoretical peak performance of 12.4 GB/s which allows a theoretical peak performance of 136.4 GB/s. The achieved peak read and write performance are 97% and 89% respectively of the theoretical peak performance. The single thread write performance is observed to be ~3 GB/s and read at ~3 GB/s. We observe that the write performance scales linearly, peaks at 256 threads and then starts decreasing. At lower thread counts read and write performance are the same. Because until 8 threads, we have 8 clients writing 8 files across 24 targets which means, not all storage targets are being fully utilized. We have 33 storage targets in the system and hence at least 11 threads are needed to fully utilize all the servers. The read performance registers a steady linear increase with the increase in the number of concurrent threads and we observe almost similar performance at 512 and 1024 threads. We also observe that the. Download and Install iozone software. Go to iozone and download the iozone for your appropriate platform. I downloaded the Linux i386 RPM . Install the iozone from the RPM benchmark, download, free tool, how to use iozone, iozone, linux, Windows No comments Iozone is a free Filesystem Benchmark tool. Iozone can be run iniozone Linux I/O iozone -
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The IOzone benchmark was used to measure sequential read- and write throughput (MB/s) and random read- and write I/O operations per second (IOPS). You can download IOzone from Version 3.492 was used for these tests and installed on both the NFS servers and all the compute nodes. The IOzone tests were run from 1–16 nodes in clustered mode with one thread per node, and then the number of threads per node was increased on all nodes to simulate a higher number of clients. All tests were N-to-N. Meaning, N clients would read or write N independent files. Between tests, the following procedure was followed to minimize cache effects: • Unmount NFS share on clients. • Drop the OS caches on the clients• Mount NFS share on clients.Table 8. IOzone command line arguments IOzone Argument Description -i 0 Write test -i 1 Read test -i 2 Random Access test -+n No retest -c Includes close in the timing calculations -t Number of threads -e Includes flush in the timing calculations -r Record size -s File size -t Number of threads +m Location of clients to run IOzone when in clustered mode -w Does not unlink (delete) temporary file -I Use O_DIRECT, bypass client cache -O Give results in ops/sec For the sequential tests, file size was varied along with the number of clients such that the total amount of data written was 512 GiB (number of clients * file size per client = 512GiB), such that the amount of data used for each test was twice the server RAM to eliminate cache effects on the server. By using -c and -e in the test, IOzone provides a more realistic view of what a typical application is doing.IOzone Sequential Writes example (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 0 -c –e –w –r 1024k –s 16g –t 32 -+n -+m ./clientlistIOzone Sequential Reads example (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 1 -c -e -w -r 1024k -s 16g -t 32 -+n -+m ./clientlist For the random tests, after creating files with sequential transfers, each client read and then wrote randomly 4GiB of data. The record size used for the random tests was 4KiB to simulate small random data accesses. IOzone file creation before random tests (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 0 -c –e –w –r 1024k –s 4g –t 32 -+n -+m ./clientlistIOzone IOPs Random Reads and Writes (paths used may be different in your system)# /usr/sbin/iozone -i 2 -w -r 4k -I -O -w -+n -s 4g -t 32 -+m ./clientlist The O_Direct command line parameter allows us to bypass the cache on the compute node on which we are running the IOzone thread and since NFS was mounted as sync, it also forced writing to disk each transfer on the server before the operation was completed. Table 9. Mpirun command line argumentsmpirun ArgumentDescription-npNumber of concurrent processes--map-by nodeInstructs mpirun allocate cores from nodes in a round robin fashion (one
2025-04-06IOzone is a popular benchmarking tool designed to measure and analyze the performance of file system input/output (I/O) operations. It helps in evaluating various file system performance aspects, such as read, write, re-read, re-write, random access, and more.This tutorial explains how to install IOzone on Ubuntu 24.04.Install IOzoneUpdate the package lists:sudo apt updateRun the following command to install IOzone:sudo apt install -y iozone3We can check IOzone version as follows:iozone -vTesting IOzoneTo use IOzone, you can run it from the command line with various options that specify the type of benchmark you want to perform. For example, the command:iozone -a -I -s 102400 -r 1024 -f /tmp/iozone.tmpIt performs all tests (-a) across different file operations (read, write, etc.) on a 100 MiB file (-s 102400, where 102400 is in KiB) with a record size of 1 MiB (-r 1024). The -I option enables direct I/O, bypassing the system cache, and -f specifies the temporary file to be used during testing.Output example: Auto Mode O_DIRECT feature enabled File size set to 102400 kB Record Size 1024 kB Command line used: iozone -a -I -s 102400 -r 1024 -f /tmp/iozone.tmp Output is in kBytes/sec Time Resolution = 0.000001 seconds. Processor cache size set to 1024 kBytes. Processor cache line size set to 32 bytes. File stride size set to 17 * record size. random random bkwd record stride kB reclen write rewrite read reread read write read rewrite read fwrite frewrite fread freread 102400 1024 2380000 2464493 2748624 2875911 2869877 2558465 2817280 3564471 2861293 4837938 8418235 14287598 15152572Uninstall IOzoneIf you want to completely remove IOzone, execute the following command:sudo apt purge --autoremove -y iozone3
2025-04-15Read performance is lower than writes for thread counts from 16 to 128 and then the read performance starts scaling. This is because while a PCIe read operation is a Non-Posted Operation, requiring both a request and a completion, a PCIe write operation is a fire and forget operation. Once the Transaction Layer Packet is handed over to the Data Link Layer, the operation completes. A write operation is a "Posted" operation that consists of a request only. Read throughput is typically lower than the write throughput because reads require two transactions instead of a single write for the same amount of data. The PCI Express uses a split transaction model for reads. The read transaction includes the following steps: The requester sends a Memory Read Request (MRR). The completer sends out the acknowledgement to MRR. The completer returns a Completion with Data. The read throughput depends on the delay between the time the read request is issued and the time the completer takes to return the data. However, when the application issues enough number of read requests to cover this delay, then throughput is maximized. That is the reason why while the read performance is less than that of the writes from 16 threads to 128 threads, we measure an increased throughput when the number of requests increases. A lower throughput is measured when the requester waits for completion before issuing subsequent requests. A higher throughput is registered when multiple requests are issued to amortize the delay after the first data returns. Random Writes and Reads N-N To evaluate random IO performance, IOzone was used in the random mode. Tests were conducted on thread counts starting from 4 threads to up to 1024 threads. Direct IO option (-I) was used to run IOzone so that all operations bypass the buffer cache and go directly to the disk. BeeGFS stripe count of 3 and chunk size of 2MB was used. A 4KiB request size is used on IOzone. Performance is measured in I/O operations per second (IOPS). The OS caches were dropped between the runs on the BeeGFS servers as well as BeeGFS clients. The command used for executing the random writes and reads is given below: Random reads and writes: iozone -i 2 -w -c -O -I -r 4K -s $Size -t $Thread -+n -+m /path/to/threadlist Figure 10: Random Read and Write Performance using IOzone wth 8TB aggregate file sizeThe random writes peak at ~3.6 Million IOPS at 512 threads and the random reads peak at ~3.5 Million IOPS at 1024 threads as shown in Figure 10. Both the write and read performance show a higher performance when there are a higher number of IO requests. This is because
2025-03-31Custom systemd unit files and by configuring multihoming. Hence the automatic NUMA balancing is disabled, as shown below: # cat /proc/sys/kernel/numa_balancing0 Figure 8 shows the testbed where the InfiniBand connections to the NUMA zone is highlighted. Each server has two IP links and the traffic through NUMA 0 zone is handed by interface IB0 while the traffic through NUMA 1 zone is handled by interface IB1. Figure 8: Testbed Configuration Performance Characterization This section presents the performance evaluation that helps characterize Dell EMC Ready Solution for HPC BeeGFS High performance Storage Solution. For further details and updates, please look for a white paper that will be published later. The system performance was evaluated using the IOzone benchmark. The solution is tested for sequential read and write throughput, and random read and write IOPS. Table 4 describes the configuration of the C6420 servers that were used as BeeGFS clients for the performance studies presented in this blog. Table 4 Client Configuration Clients 32x Dell EMC PowerEdge C6420 Compute Nodes BIOS 2.2.9 Processor 2x Intel Xeon Gold 6148 CPU @ 2.40GHz with 20 cores per processor Memory 12 x 16GB DDR4 2666 MT/s DIMMs - 192GB BOSS Card 2x 120GB M.2 boot drives in RAID 1 for OS Operating System Red Hat Enterprise Linux Server release 7.6 Kernel Version 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 Interconnect 1x Mellanox ConnectX-4 EDR card OFED Version 4.5-1.0.1.0 Sequential Writes and Reads N-N To evaluate sequential reads and writes, the IOzone benchmark was used in the sequential read and write mode. These tests were conducted on multiple thread counts starting at 1 thread and increasing in powers of 2, up to 1024 threads. At each thread count, an equal number of files were generated since this test works on one file per thread or the N clients to N file (N-N) case. The processes were distributed across 32 physical client nodes in a round robin or cyclical fashion so that the requests are equally distributed and there is load balancing. An aggregate file size of 8TB was selected which was equally divided among the number of threads within any given test. The aggregate file size was chosen large enough to minimize the effects of caching from the servers as well as from BeeGFS clients. IOzone was run in a combined mode of write then read (-i 0, -i 1) to allow it to coordinate the boundaries between the operations. For this testing and results, we used a 1MiB record size for every run. The commands used for Sequential N-N tests are given below: Sequential Writes and Reads: iozone -i 0 -i 1 -c -e -w -r 1m -I -s $Size -t $Thread -+n -+m /path/to/threadlist OS caches were also dropped or
2025-04-17It's strange that there doesn't seem to be a standard for IOPS measurement in Linux. These questions come up often when people are asked to provide an estimate of IOPS for capacity planning or storage sizing. I end up using multiple tools to gain this info. First, you'll need to generate a load using the method of your choice; either a representative application load, or something like the iozone test you had above.In another window, track IOPS using iostat -dxk 1, summing the r/s and w/s columns OR using IBM's nmon tool with the D option to track the Xfers column (which is essentially the sum of iostat's r/s and w/s). Here's nmon output from a heavy sequential read using bonnie++ -u root -n 64:100000:16:64 (run from within the target directory). At this point, we're showing ~3200 IOPS while reading at about 258 Megabytes/second on a 6-disk RAID 1+0 array of 15k RPM SAS drives.- Disk I/O -----(/proc/diskstats)------- all data is Kbytes per second ---------------------------------------------|DiskName Busy Read Write Xfers Size Peak% Peak-RW InFlight ||iss/c0d0 100% 264571.1 112.3KB/s 3238.7 81.0KB 100% 340584.5KB/s 2 ||s/c0d0p1 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 2.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p2 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 99% 1022.4KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p3 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 100% 3636.5KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p4 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p5 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p6 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 0% 0.0KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p7 0% 0.0 41.9KB/s 7.5 5.0KB 100% 16103.5KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p8 0% 0.0 0.0KB/s 0.0 0.0KB 79% 147.8KB/s 0 ||s/c0d0p9 100% 264571.1 64.4KB/s 3230.2 81.0KB 100% 340538.5KB/s 2 |--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
2025-04-182.90GHz, 24 cores Memory 12 x 32GB DDR4 2933MT/s DIMMs - 384GB BOSS Card 2x 240GB M.2 SATA SSDs in RAID 1 for OS Local Drives 24x Dell Express Flash NVMe P4600 1.6TB 2.5" U.2 Mellanox EDR card 2x Mellanox ConnectX-5 EDR card (Slots 1 & 8) Out of Band Management iDRAC9 Enterprise with Lifecycle Controller Power Supplies Dual 2000W Power Supply Units Table 3 Software Configuration (Metadata and Storage Servers) BIOS 2.2.11 CPLD 1.1.3 Operating System CentOS™ 7.6 Kernel Version 3.10.0-957.el7.x86_64 iDRAC 3.34.34.34 Systems Management Tool OpenManage Server Administrator 9.3.0-3407_A00 Mellanox OFED 4.5-1.0.1.0 NVMe SSDs QDV1DP13 *Intel ® Data Center Tool 3.0.19 BeeGFS 7.1.3 Grafana 6.3.2 InfluxDB 1.7.7 IOzone Benchmark 3.487 *For Management and Firmware update of Intel P4600NVMe SSDs Solution Configuration Details The BeeGFS architecture consists of four main services: Management service Metadata Service Storage Service Client Service Except for the client service which is a kernel module, the management, metadata and storage services are user space processes. Figure 2 illustrates how the reference architecture of the Dell EMC Ready Solutions for HPC BeeGFS Storage maps to the general architecture of the BeeGFS file system. Figure 2: BeeGFS File system on PowerEdge R740xd with NVMe SSDs Management Service Each BeeGFS file system or namespace has only one management service. The management service is the first service which needs to be setup because when we configure all other services, they need to register with the management service. A PowerEdge R640 is used as the management server. In addition to hosting the management service (beegfs-mgmtd.service), it also hosts the monitoring service (beegfs-mon.service) which collects statistics from the system and provides them to the user, using the time series database InfluxDB. For visualization of data, beegfs-mon provides predefined Grafana panes that can be used out of the box. The management server has 6x 300GB HDDs configured in RAID 10 for the Operating System and InfluxDB. Metadata Service The metadata service is a scale-out service, which means that there can be many metadata services in a BeeGFS file system. However, each metadata service has exactly one metadata target to store metadata. On the metadata target, BeeGFS creates one metadata file per user created file. BeeGFS metadata is distributed on a per-directory basis. The metadata service provides the data striping information to the clients and is not involved in the data access between file open/close. A PowerEdge R740xd with 24x Intel P4600 1.6TB NVMe, drives are used for metadata storage. As the storage capacity requirements for BeeGFS metadata are very small, instead of using a dedicated metadata server, only the 12 drives on NUMA zone 0 were utilized to host the MetaData Targets (MDTs), while the remaining 12 drives on NUMA zone host
2025-03-29